However, previous studies almost focus on the individual smoking exposure patterns and some inconsistent results are reported. Serum cotinine is a reliable and quantitative biomarker of TSE. This ...

Measurements: We measured cotinine levels in serum and hair samples at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. We measured the level of ETS exposure over a 6-month period by placing air nicotine ...

Our objective was to determine whether SHS exposure among smokers yields detectable differences in cotinine levels compared with unexposed smokers at the population level. Methods Using the US ...

Univariable and multivariate weighted logistic regression models were used to analyse the associations of serum vitamin-D or cotinine levels with overweight and obesity in children as well as the ...

Endotoxin was measured in the trapped waters and in the pumps. Serum cotinine was measured as an objective indicator of smoking. RESULTS: Of the 20 symptomatic subjects, fever was most common in those ...

The combination of self reported ETS and serum cotinine showed a clearer gradient of prevalent CHD with exposure. The association of CHD with ETS was independent of other cardiovascular confounders.

However, other studies of nonasthmatic children reported significant racial differences in cotinine. Second, we had no ambient measures of tobacco smoke outside of the home, and thus could not ...

Nicotine absorption was measured through serum cotinine concentration assayed using validated methods. Log-normal tobit regression models estimated geometric mean cotinine levels, adjusting for ...